SWOFLET
Recognised by the OPM Flow parserPROPS
SWOFLET defines the relative permeability and capillary pressure parameters for the water-oil LET family of models. Both the oil and water phases should be made active in the model via the OIL and WATER keywords in the RUNSPEC section. See section 8.2.6Saturation Table Generation - LET Functionsand Lomeland et al.254 Lomeland F., Ebeltoft E. and Thomas W.H., 2005. A New Versatile Relative Permeability Correlation. Paper SCA2005-32 presented at the International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts held in Toronto, Canada, 21-25 August, 2005.,255 Lomeland F. and Ebeltoft E., 2008. A New Versatile Capillary Pressure Correlation. Paper SCA2008-08 presented at the International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts held in Abu Dhabi, UAE, 29 Oct. – 2 Nov., 2008. 256 Lomeland F., Hasanov B., Ebeltoft E. and Berge M., 2012. A Versatile Representation of Up-scaled Relative Permeability for Field Applications. Paper SPE 154487-MS presented at the EAGE Annual Conference & Exhibition incorporating SPE Europec held in Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-7 June 2012.and 257 Lomeland F., 2018.Overview Of The Let Family Of Versatile Correlations For Flow Functions. Paper SCA2018-056 presented at the International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts held in Trondheim, Norway, 27-30 August 2018.for further information on the model.
Lomeland F., Ebeltoft E. and Thomas W.H., 2005. A New Versatile Relative Permeability Correlation. Paper SCA2005-32 presented at the International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts held in Toronto, Canada, 21-25 August, 2005.
Lomeland F. and Ebeltoft E., 2008. A New Versatile Capillary Pressure Correlation. Paper SCA2008-08 presented at the International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts held in Abu Dhabi, UAE, 29 Oct. – 2 Nov., 2008.
Lomeland F., Hasanov B., Ebeltoft E. and Berge M., 2012. A Versatile Representation of Up-scaled Relative Permeability for Field Applications. Paper SPE 154487-MS presented at the EAGE Annual Conference & Exhibition incorporating SPE Europec held in Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-7 June 2012.
Lomeland F., 2018.Overview Of The Let Family Of Versatile Correlations For Flow Functions. Paper SCA2018-056 presented at the International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts held in Trondheim, Norway, 27-30 August 2018.
The keyword is used as a replacement for the SWOF keyword for three-phase oil-gas-water systems, and the LET series of keywords cannot be combined with the standard set of relative permeability keywords.
Note
This is an OPM Flow specific keyword and will therefore cause an error in the commercial simulator.
Notes:
The keyword is followed by NTSFUN definitions as declared on the TABDIMS keyword in the RUNSPEC section, with each definition consisting of the above 17 LET parameters.
Each table is terminated by a “/” and there is no “/” terminator for the keyword.
Note there a two versions of the LET functions, LET255 for two-phase flowing conditions and LETx258 Lomeland F. and Ebeltoft E., 2013. Versatile Three-phase Correlations for Relative Permeability and Capillary Pressure. Paper SCA2013-034 presented at the International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts held in Napa Valley, California, USA, 16-19 September, 2013. for three-phase flowing conditions. This keyword implements the LET version for an oil-water system.
Lomeland F. and Ebeltoft E., 2013. Versatile Three-phase Correlations for Relative Permeability and Capillary Pressure. Paper SCA2013-034 presented at the International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts held in Napa Valley, California, USA, 16-19 September, 2013.
The functions are dependent on the drainage and imbibition cycle of the wetting phase as well as drainage and inhibition cycle number, since a reservoir may undergo several flooding events. To account for this the system defines the flooding event using the three saturations: Sw, So, and Sg together with the state of the three saturations during the flooding event. The saturation state can be Increasing, Decreasing, or Constant, for a given flooding event cycle number (n). Thus, Sw(D), So(I), Sg(C)1or DIC1, means the water phase is decreasing, the oil phase is increasing and the gas phase is constant for the primary or first cycle (n equals one). This is case for when oil is migrating into the reservoir rock and displacing the initial water contained with the reservoir.
Note
All the LET parameters are dependent on the flooding event and flooding cycle, and thus are expected vary as such. To be clear, the values of SWCR, Lo, Lw etc. should be different for each flooding cycle.
See also the SGOFLET– Gas-Oil LET Relative Permeability Functions, and the SGWFLET – Gas-Water LET Relative Permeability Functionskeywords in this section.
- Records
- Fixed number of records
- Items per record
- 17
Parameters
| No. | Name | Description | Type | Dimension | Field | Metric | Lab | Default |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | SW_manual: SWL | SWL is a real positive number less than one, that defines the connate water saturation, that is the smallest water saturation in the LET function. | DOUBLE | 1 | dimensionless | dimensionless | dimensionless | 0,0 |
| 2 | SW_manual: SWCR | SWCR is a real positive number greater than or equal to SWL and less than one, that defines the critical water saturation, that is the largest water saturation for which the water relative permeability is zero, Swirr in equations. | DOUBLE | 1 | dimensionless | dimensionless | dimensionless | 0,0 |
| 3 | L_manual: LWAT | LWAT is a real positive number that defines the LET Lower empirical parameter Lw for the water phase with the associated oil phase in the LET relative permeability equations. | DOUBLE | 1 | dimensionless | dimensionless | dimensionless | 1,0 |
| 4 | E_manual: EWAT | EWAT is a real positive number that defines the LET Elevation empirical parameter Ew for the water phase with the associated oil phase in the LET relative permeability equations. | DOUBLE | 1 | dimensionless | dimensionless | dimensionless | 1,0 |
| 5 | T_manual: TWAT | TWAT is a real positive number that defines the LET Top empirical parameter Tw for the water phase with the associated oil phase in the LET relative permeability equations. | DOUBLE | 1 | dimensionless | dimensionless | dimensionless | 1,0 |
| 6 | KRT_manual: KRTWAT | KRTWAT is a real positive number less than one, that defines the relative permeability of water at the maximum water saturation (normally the maximum water saturation is one) Krwt in the LET relative permeability equations. | DOUBLE | 1 | dimensionless | dimensionless | dimensionless | 1,0 |
| 7 | SO_manual: SORW | SORW is a real positive number less than one that defines the residual oil saturation in an oil-water system in the LET equation. | DOUBLE | 1 | dimensionless | dimensionless | dimensionless | 0,0 |
| 8 | SO_manual: SOWCR | SOWCR is a real positive number less than one that defines critical oil-in-water saturation, that is the largest oil saturation for which the oil relative permeability is zero in an oil-water system. | DOUBLE | 1 | dimensionless | dimensionless | dimensionless | 0,0 |
| 9 | L_manual: LOIL | LOIL is a real positive number that defines the LET Lower empirical parameter Lo for the oil phase with the associated water phase in the LET relative permeability equationss | DOUBLE | 1 | dimensionless | dimensionless | dimensionless | 1,0 |
| 10 | E_manual: EOIL | EOIL is a real positive number that defines the LET Elevation empirical parameter Eo for the oil phase with the associated water phase in the LET relative permeability equations. | DOUBLE | 1 | dimensionless | dimensionless | dimensionless | 1,0 |
| 11 | T_manual: TOIL | TOIL is a real positive number that defines the LET Top empirical parameter To for the oil phase with the associated water phase in the LET relative permeability equations. | DOUBLE | 1 | dimensionless | dimensionless | dimensionless | 1,0 |
| 12 | KRT_manual: KRTOIL | KRTOIL is a real positive number less than or equal to one, that defines the relative permeability of oil at the residual oil saturation, Krot in the LET relative permeability equations. | DOUBLE | 1 | dimensionless | dimensionless | dimensionless | 1,0 |
| 13 | L_manual: LPC | LPC is a real positive number that defines the water-oil LET Lower empirical parameter L in the LET capillary pressure equation. | DOUBLE | 1 | dimensionless | dimensionless | dimensionless | 1,0 |
| 14 | E_manual: EPC | EPC is a real positive number that defines the water-oil LET Elevation empirical parameter E in the LET capillary pressure equation. | DOUBLE | 1 | dimensionless | dimensionless | dimensionless | 1,0 |
| 15 | T_manual: TPC | TPC is a real positive number that defines the water-oil LET empirical parameter T in the LET capillary pressure equations. | DOUBLE | 1 | dimensionless | dimensionless | dimensionless | 1,0 |
| 16 | PCIR | PCIR is a real positive number that defines the water-oil capillary pressure at connate water saturation (SWL) in the LET capillary pressure equations. | DOUBLE | Pressure | psia | bars | atm | 0,0 |
| 17 | PCTmanual: PCIT | PCIT is a real positive number that defines the water-oil threshold capillary pressure at the maximum water saturation in the LET capillary pressure equations. | DOUBLE | Pressure | psia | bars | atm | 0,0 |
Example
The following example uses the SWOFLET keyword to define two relative oi-water relative permeability tables, based on NTSFUN equals two on the TABDIMS keyword in the RUNSPEC section.
--
-- SWOFLET – WATER-OIL LET REL. PERMEABILITY FUNCTIONS (OPM FLOW KEYWORD)
--
SWOFLET
-- SWL SWCR L-WAT E-WAT T-WAT KRT-WAT
-- SOR SOWCR L-OIL E-OIL T-OIL KRT-OIL
-- L-PC E-PC T-PC PCIR PCIT
-- ------- ------ ------- ------- ------- -------
0.00000 0.0000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000
0.00000 0.0000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000
1* 1* 1* 1* 1* / TABLE NO. 01
0.00000 0.0000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000
0.00000 0.0000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000
1* 1* 1* 1* 1* / TABLE NO. 02
Here the SWOFLET keyword parameters are all set to their default values.
| Note This is an OPM Flow specific keyword and will therefore cause an error in the commercial simulator. |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Note All the LET parameters are dependent on the flooding event and flooding cycle, and thus are expected vary as such. To be clear, the values of SWCR, Lo, Lw etc. should be different for each flooding cycle. |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|Related keywords
- Requires
OIL,WATER
Manual source: parts/chapters/subsections/8.3/SWOFLET.fodt